渤海西部2次赤潮过程的气象因子对比分析     

段宇辉  王文  景华  郭志强 《海洋预报》2015,32(1)

利用加密自动站资料、NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料、海表温度(SST)资料和常规观测资料等气象资料,对2009年5月31日—6月13日和2012年5月18—28日发生在渤海西部海域的2场相似气象因子影响下的典型高影响赤潮过程进行了对比分析。初步结果表明:(1)2场高影响赤潮过程都发生在春末夏初的赤潮高发期,持续时间在10天以上;(2)赤潮爆发前期,伴随有暖湿气流影响形成适度降水,渤海西部的周平均海表温度(SST)升温明显,且SST≥16.2℃,赤潮发生海域为SST的暖脊控制,对赤潮过程的潜势预报有明显的指示意义;(3)850 h Pa以下层次的温度迅速上升,近地层西南暖湿气流的加强和地面6 m/s以下偏南、东南气流在渤海西部海域的汇合,利于渤海西部海洋浮游生物积聚和突发性繁殖,是赤潮形成的重要气象因子特征。  相似文献   

象山港余流特征数值研究     

万猛  姚炎明  陈琴  李丹 《海洋通报》2015,34(3):295-302

基于Delft3D-Flow模块建立了象山港海域的三维斜压潮流数值模型,结合实测水文资料,研究了象山港的潮(余)流特征,对欧拉余流场的时空分布进行了定量的比较和分析,并与潮流测站计算分析得到的欧拉余流分布对比,很好的模拟了象山港的余流特征。结果表明:由湾外至湾顶,余流呈减小的趋势,湾外余流最大为33 cm/s,湾顶最小,余流平均仅5 cm/s。垂向上,表层余流大于底层余流,表层余流指向湾外,而底层余流则指向湾内。对比斜压、正压两种模式下的欧拉余流分布,可以看出湾顶附近主要受径流控制,两种模式得到的结果基本一致,口门至西沪港区域受径流和潮流的共同影响,斜压模式更准确地模拟出了水体层化和垂向余环流结构。  相似文献   

桑沟湾农药残留及贝毒对海洋环境质量影响和主要食用贝类健康风险评估          下载免费PDF全文

孙丕喜  郝林华  杜蓓蓓  韩彬  高春蕾  张志新  连岩  田金玲  赵城南  孔昊明  李连森 《海洋科学进展》2015,33(1)

根据2009-04—2010-02隔月6个航次桑沟湾9个调查站位贝类养殖区有机氯(OCPs)、有机磷(OPPs)农药残留和麻痹性贝毒(PSP)的调查资料,分析了它们在该海域海水中、表层沉积物中和主要贝类(栉孔扇贝、太平洋牡蛎和菲律滨蛤仔)体内的含量水平,就农药残留及贝毒污染对海洋环境质量的影响进行综合评价和类别划分,并对主要食用贝类中农药残留和贝毒的暴露水平进行健康风险评估。结果表明,桑沟湾贝类养殖区海水质量、沉积物质量和养殖贝类质量水平范围为1~2级,平均分别为2级、1级和1级,养殖生态环境综合质量水平为2级;总体上,该海域海洋环境综合质量处于良好水平,贝类产区生态环境质量为1类区(清洁区)。即该海域农药残留及贝毒污染对海洋环境质量影响较小或无明显影响。另外,针对食用桑沟湾贝类水产品的消费人群进行了农药残留及贝毒污染的健康风险评估,结果表明调查人群食用贝类中OCPs中的HCHs和DDTs、OPPs中的马拉硫磷和甲基对硫磷、PSP的日摄入量分别为0.75,2.11,0.19,0.09和1.22μg/(人·d),其摄入量低于ADI的推荐限值,因此桑沟湾主要食用贝类中农药残留及贝毒污染的健康风险处于安全范围。  相似文献   

黄河沉积物向渤海湾扩散的沉积地球化学示踪   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张爱滨  刘明  廖永杰  张艳丽  范德江 《海洋科学进展》2015,33(2):246-256

使用ICP-AES和ICP-MS对渤海中部118°54′E左右南北向断面的表层沉积物中53种常、微量及稀土元素进行了测试,研究了其含量变化和分布特征,并进行了物质组成分析。研究表明:该区沉积物以B94站为界,南北差异明显,南部区域沉积物以黏土质粉砂为主,富集Al2O3,CaO,Fe2O3,MgO,MnO,P2O5和TiO等常量元素以及绝大多数的微量元素和稀土元素等与细颗粒黏土矿物相关的元素;北部区域沉积物以粉砂-砂为主,富集SiO2,K2O和Na2O等常量元素以及Zr,Ba,Sr,Sb和Hf等微量元素,稀土元素相对亏损。物源对比表明南部沉积物具有黄河来源沉积物特点,北部沉积物具有滦河来源特点,两者的分界大致在38°42′N附近。河口动力过程、渤海环流是影响该区沉积物扩散的主要因素。  相似文献   

Abundance and degree of residency of humpback dolphins Sousa plumbea in Mossel Bay,South Africa     

BS James  MN Bester  GS Penry  E Gennari 《African Journal of Marine Science》2015,37(3):383-394

Indian Ocean humpback dolphins Sousa plumbea inhabit nearshore waters from South Africa to eastern India. Humpback dolphins are vulnerable to conservation threats due to their naturally small population sizes and use of nearshore habitats, where human activities are highest. We investigated the abundance and residency of this species inhabiting Mossel Bay, South Africa, using photographic mark-recapture. Data were collected during 81 surveys in Mossel Bay between 2011 and 2013. Open population modelling using the POPAN parameterisation produced a ‘super-population’ estimate of 125 individuals (95% CI: 61–260) and within-year estimates of between 33 and 86 individuals (2011: 71 [95% CI: 30–168]; 2012: 33 [15–73], 32 [15–70]; 2013: 46 [20–108]). Although less appropriate, closed capture models were also run for comparison with previous studies in the region and generated similar, but slightly smaller, population estimates within each year. We compared our catalogue with opportunistic data collected from East London, Plettenberg Bay, De Hoop and Gansbaai. The only catalogue matches attained were between Plettenberg Bay (n = 44 identified) and Mossel Bay (n = 67 identified), separated by 140?km. Population exchange was moderate, with nine individuals resighted in multiple years between these two areas. This study supports previous findings of long-range movements for this species and provides a baseline from which to assess future impacts on the population.  相似文献   

对流单体在杭州湾入海时的强度变化分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈淑琴  黄辉  周丽琴  陈佩佩 《气象》2011,37(7):889-896

为了研究对流单体在杭州湾入海时的强度变化情况,更好地预报对流单体的变化趋势,统计了2007年1月到2010年6月舟山雷达观测到的148个对流单体,以组合反射率因子、顶高、垂直液态含水量、径向速度、冰雹指数等条件来判断对流单体是加强还是维持或减弱。发现对流单体在海岸线附近加强或维持的几率比较大,在北岸入海后加强以及在南岸入海后减弱的几率较大,在傍晚到凌晨加强或维持的几率较大。对三个加强的典型个例,分别分析了海岸线附近的温湿特性、地面风的辐合、大气的层结稳定性等情况。对148个单体所处时刻的气温和相对湿度资料用GRADS进行插值,绘出等值线,然后统计整个杭州湾海域的最大气温差和相对湿度差以及水平风切变情况。统计结果：加强的单体,其环境温度、湿度梯度、风切变明显比减弱的大。最后得出结论,判断一个对流单体在杭州湾入海时是加强还是减弱,应从海岸线附近的温湿特性、地面风的辐合情况、大气的层结稳定性三方面的条件综合考虑。  相似文献   

Asymmetric fluxes of water and sediments in a mesotidal mudflat channel     

G. Mariotti  S. Fagherazzi 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(1):23-36

The hydrodynamics of a small tributary channel and its adjacent mudflat is studied in Willapa Bay, Washington State, USA. Velocity profiles and water levels are simultaneously measured at different locations in the channel and on the mudflat for two weeks. The above tidal flat and channel hydrodynamics differ remarkably during the tidal cycle. When the water surface level is above the tidal flat elevation, the channel is inactive. At this stage, the above tidal flat flow is predominantly aligned along the Bay axis, oscillating with the tide as a standing wave with peak velocities up to 0.3 m/s. When the mudflat becomes emergent, the flow concentrates in the channel. During this stage, current velocities up to 1 m/s are measured during ebb; and up to 0.6 m/s during flood. Standard equations for open-channel flow are utilized to study the channel hydrodynamics. From the continuity equation, a lateral inflow is predicted during ebb, which likely originates from the drainage of the mudflat through the lateral runnels. Both advective acceleration and lateral discharge terms, estimated directly from the velocity profiles, play a significant role in the momentum equation. The computed drag coefficient for bottom friction is small, due to an absence of vegetation and bottom bedforms in the channel. Sediment fluxes are calculated by combining flow and suspended sediment concentration estimated using the acoustic backscatter signal of the instruments. A net export of the sediment from the channel is found during ebb, which is not balanced by the sediment import during flood. When the mudflat is submerged, ebb-flood asymmetries in suspended sediment concentration are present, leading to a net sediment flux toward the inner part of the Willapa Bay. Finally, a residual flow is detected inside the channel at high slack water, probably associated with the thermohaline circulation.  相似文献   

Composition and daytime vertical distribution of the ichthyoplankton assemblage in the Central Cantabrian Sea shelf, during summer: An Eulerian study     

J.M. Rodriguez  C. Gonzalez-PolaA. Lopez-Urrutia  E. Nogueira 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(14):1462-1473

During summer, wind driven coastal upwelling dominates in the Central Cantabrian Sea (southern Bay of Biscay). Nevertheless, atmospheric forcing is highly variable and wind pulses may cause noticeable and fast hydrographic responses in the shelf region. In this paper, the composition and vertical distribution of the summer ichthyoplankton assemblage during the daytime at a fixed station, located on the Central Cantabrian Sea shelf, are documented. Also, the impact of a short-time scale hydrographic event on the abundance and structure of the larval fish assemblage is examined. Significant small-scale temporal hydrographic variability was observed. Currents showed changes in speed and direction and significant changes in thermocline depth were also observed. A total of 34 taxa of fish larvae were identified. Engraulis encrasicolus eggs and larvae of the shelf-dwelling species Trachurus trachurus, Capros aper and E. encrasicolus dominated the ichthyoplankton assemblage. The distribution of E. encrasicolus eggs and fish larvae was vertically structured. E. encrasicolus egg concentration increased exponentially towards the surface. Fish larvae showed a subsurface peak of concentration and their vertical distribution was not conditioned by thermocline depths. The short term hydrographic event did not affect the vertical distribution of fish larvae but it accounted for significant temporal changes in larval fish assemblage structure and abundance. Results suggest that temperature and light intensity are important factors in the vertical distribution of fish larvae. They also indicate that the temporal monitoring of the larval fish assemblage in this region requires multiple sampling sites.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation in functional phytoplankton groups in Xiangxi Bay, Three Gorges Reservoir     

杨敏  毕永红  胡建林  朱孔贤  周广杰  胡征宇 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,(5)

We describe the phytoplankton dynamics and structure in Xiangxi Bay, Three Gorges Reservoir. Samples were collected monthly in the surface waters between August 2007 and July 2008. We identified 10 principle functional groups. C-strategists and S/R-strategists with a wide range of tolerance dominated the phytoplankton assemblage. Seasonal variation was related to water column stability because of changes in hydraulic operation in October, January, and May. Functional group C (Asterionella formosa) and P (Au...  相似文献   

莱州湾南岸地下卤水水位动态变化与开采量关系研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘刚  韩晓静  冯守涛  田庆安 《山东国土资源》2011,27(2)

由于多年来大量开采地下卤水,莱州湾南岸已经形成多个地下卤水降落漏斗.该文根据区内盐场水位长期观测资料,较系统地分析了地下卤水水位动态变化规律,查明了卤水水位与开采量的关系,建立了区内卤水水位与开采量相关关系方程.通过分析说明开采对水位的影响,为改善区内地质环境,合理利用卤水资源提供了科学依据.  相似文献